Robert Schiller in the New York Times tells us that we need financial innovation that “responds to central problems.” How about this for an example?

The subprime mortgage is an example of a recent invention that offered benefits and risks. These mortgages permitted people with bad credit histories to buy homes, without relying on guaranties from government agencies like the Federal Housing Administration.

Why is this a “central” problem? Is Schiller arguing that it was a bad thing that banks didn’t want to lend mortgage money to people with bad credit histories? Apparently so. He thinks that the big problem was that there was a housing bubble going on, fed in part by buyers who only could buy because of subprime mortgages. Somehow, the designers of subprime mortgages and securitizations missed that problem.

Schiller doesn’t tell us what he thinks of other innovations, say credit default swaps, or their use in synthetic collateralized debt obligations:

A collateralized debt obligation (CDO) which, instead of being backed by assets such as bonds and loans like a standard CDO, it is backed by credit derivatives. These assets could include options and forward contracts.

What “central problem” do these innovations address? Was there a lack of investment opportunities? Was there an excess of credit default swaps that needed a place to congregate? How important was it that Goldman Sachs and others could sell bonds short, one of the benefits Gerald Corrigan of Goldman Sachs offered in his testimony before the House Agriculture Committee? Schiller doesn’t tell us about the wonderful benefits from this kind of innovation. Apparently they are so obvious that they needn’t be discussed, just referenced. Schiller puts it this way.

The effectiveness of our free enterprise system depends on allowing business people to manage the myriad risks — including the risk of asset bubbles — that impinge on their operations in the long term. And this process needs constant change and improvement.

Certainly one of the big benefits is the massive money the financial elites can make off them. And when they blow up, well, $23 trillion from the taxpayers should be just enough to improve it.