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$13.76bn in revenues and $3.43bn in profits. Goldman Sachs has fully recovered from the financial crisis, when it was salvaged by taxpayers with billions funneled through AIG and billions more in debt guarantees. Employees took home $6.65bn in compensation in the second quarter alone. By comparison, shareholders get $721mn per year.
So how does GS make all this money? Of its three business units, trading is the gold mine, with $10.78bn in revenues in the second quarter alone. Over 70% came from fixed income, currency and commodities, and the rest from trading equities. The trading desks buy securities, including derivatives, hold them for some period of time, and sell them at a higher price. GS is the largest user of program trading, using computers to do the same thing, but holding for vastly shorter holding periods, minutes or seconds.
Tyler Durden at Zerohedge has been writing about the dominance of GS in program trading, and has pointed out some of the risks it brings. In this post, he quotes from an NYSE press release:
The data indicated that during June 22-26, program trading amounted to 48.6 percent of NYSE average daily volume of 3,449.8 million shares1, or 1,675.7 million program shares traded per day (Revised from 1,678.3 million program shares traded per day).
The revised report shows that GS traded 1.34bn shares that week for its own account. That’s billion.
What does this mean to you? Your mutual funds and pensions plans invest for the medium or long term. One important factor in their returns is the price they pay for investments, and they all want to get best execution, the best price available at the moment. GS is a huge program trader. They have enormous computers on-site at electronic trading centers, and at the exchanges, with authority to execute trades without the involvement of humans. These computers get the jump on everyone, generating huge numbers of trades.
Zerohedge posted this paper from Themis Trading LLC, which explains several of the strategies used by high frequency traders.
One of those works like this. Suppose an institutional investor wants to buy a 10,000 shares of a particular stock between 20.00 and 20.03. It has a computer running an algorithm, called an algo, to buy shares in small units so as not to shake the market. The insiders, in this example, computerized Automated Market Makers, are able to identify reserve book orders, by pinging, sending out orders to sell at specific prices that are canceled unless they are immediately accepted. Once the order is accepted, they see that there is a standing order to buy. Suppose one finds a reserve book order to buy at $20.00
Next, the AMM starts to ping the algo. The AMM offers 100 shares at $20.05. Nothing happens, and it immediately cancels. It offers $20.04. Nothing happens, and it immediately cancels..
Then it offers $20.03 – and the institutional algo buys. Now, the AMM knows it has found a reserve book buyer willing to pay up to $20.03. The AMM quickly goes back to a penny above the institution’s original $20.00 bid, buys more shares at $20.01 before the institutional algo can, and then sell those shares to the institution at $20.03.
The AMM computer can do this because it is very fast, much faster than the institutional algo, and at the same site as the exchange computers. In this example, the institutional investor pays $200 more than it should. That is money that comes out of your pocket.
We can’t see total gains from this kind of trading in financial statements. One Zerohedge links says that the program traders suck $15-20bn from the markets each year. Those $200s add up.
GS and the rest of the big players defend this penny clipping on the grounds that it adds liquidity to the market. The Themis people don’t agree, and they have a good point. GS has no duty to provide liquidity, so if things get tight, this liquidity disappears. High frequency traders, like those AMMs, can generate false market signals, creating pointless volatility, and excess risk to people who watch these spikes to determine their own trading.
I’m beginning to think Matt Taibbi is right: GS is a “…great vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity, relentlessly jamming its blood funnel into anything that smells like money.”
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Great one, as always. Thanks.
egad – thanks masaccio. anything that is too big to fail is a major national security risk to our country.
Is there a conscience test given in order to apply at Goldman Sachs? One that one must fail in order to be employed?
God…it’s just disgusting. When’s it gonna stop? Guess when hell freezes over.
Some the the things Katherine Austin Fitts says in these vids with Max K .. e.g. wondering aloud how these malefactors can still feel physically safe .. i found interesting ..
From just 365 days ago–in one year–U.S. taxpayers were taken for one hell of a roller coaster ride by Wall St.,Big American Banks,AIG and the nations capital city,WashingtonDC.
From one year ago through today the Federal Reserve wandered into the realm of being final backstop to Wall St.,Big American Banks and AIG in ways not still fully known or understood. The Bush WH and then this Obama WH and the Ameerican Congress opened up Federal Government funds for bailing out or presenting fiscal lifeboats for the above mentioned agents of greed and rampant risk ignoring/very wrong scoring and bulk quanities of stupid conduct.
We Americans are often told by the red,white and blue capitalists that socialism does not work. Or the Federal Government must not put in place Single Payer HealthCare Plan as the Federal Government does not have enough money for it and socialism is bad for Americans. Really?
So now here mid summer of 2009 Goldman Sachs is trumpeting $3.43bn in profits. This is truly quite a marvel all things and events and socialized risk sharing/pick up on Federal Governments part of past 365 days considered.
So how does this Goldman Sachs come about now smell?
It does not pass smell tests of small means not alone large ones.
Great post M, thanks for ’splaining!
Reading Deep Capture And Mark Mitchell’s Latest Piece sheds great light on these GS practices, among OTHER skullduggery on The Wall.
Add it all up, we the people are getting scewed. But we KNEW that, huh.
” program trading amounted to 48.6 percent of NYSE average daily volume”
At this percentage of volume, Goldamn is the market.
Goldamn Sucks, the Vampire.
Masaccio, I really love your postings, but lately every time I see Government Sachs…oopps, I mean Goldman Sachs I lose my bowels. This pit of vipers who for reasons unknown to most in the universe, Obama has decided to let run wild in the US Treasury is total B.S. Our elected officials print trillions of worthless dollars in our name and give it to these scumbags so that in return they can then pump it through zombie companies like A.I.G. as well as other banks on the skids paying off worthless derivatives at full face value and then add insult to injury by paying out outrageous bonuses while honest, hard working people are losing their homes, their jobs and what little self respect they have left.
Dick Durban said it best. The Wall Street banks own Washington. What truly sticks in my neck is that here you have a US Senator actually speaking the truth yet implies sorry folks, this is how business is done?!?!
Sorry to go off on this rant, but when the head of the fish stinks, so does the rest of it. Yeah, want to see real change you can believe in? Absolutely forbid any industry from being allowed to buy their way into the political process and start doing what’s right for the people rather than our wonderful, military/industrial/banking complex with a completely bought and paid for group of assholes in D.C.
Here’s some food for thought….
Wall Street owns our government!
For the purposes of sentencing under USSG §2B1.1(b), what is “Goldman’s” trading software worth? http://www.zerohedge.com/content/purposes-sent
encing-ussg-%C2%A72b11b-what-goldmans-
trading-software-worth#comments What do you guys think?
Wonderful interview and discussion with Eliot Spitzer. He talks about Goldman Sachs (corrupt? You betcha!) financial earnings and more. (Bloomberg News)
http://clipsyndicate.com/publi…..?wpid=3984
Obama Wants SEC to Peer Into Books of Goldman Sachs
But I immediately thought the headline should have replaced Hedge Funds with Goldman Sachs. Think about all of the allegations leveled against Goldman Sachs recently. And then consider that there is not a single investigation opened by any government watchdog agency. Even when the head of the NYSE, a former Goldman Sachs director hints about trading problems, all of the big shots in DC turn their heads the other way.
Why? Money. Goldman Sachs and their friends on Wall Street own Barney Frank, Chris Dodd, Nancy Peolsi, Harry Reid, Charles Schumer, Bobo Biden and President Obama. Above all, they own Obama. From start to finish, here is a guy that came from nowhere and raised more money than any politician in the history of the United States (from Wall Street) . . . and with no experience whatsoever is elected President.
Then, instead of CHANGE, he not only approves of the Paulson Heist, but Obama puts the Paulson Heist on steroids. The banksters on Wall Street walk away with billions, and now Obama wants to pin it on Hedge Funds.
Even the Queen of Wall Street, Meredith Whitney, sold out to Goldman Sachs this week. Sometimes I wonder if people like Meredith, Carney Frank and Chris the Dodgster understand the consequences of what they are doing here. Because working for Satan will get them nothing more than a few nice dinners here and a boiling bed down the road. If you think that’s harsh, talk to me in a year or two. But when it comes to Frank and Dodd, talk to me now. These two men are criminals that are apparently above the law. Why?
So as we go 360 on this ditty, I sadly smirk that the banksters and the gangsters in Washington have hooked up with the raconteurs on CNBC and the Economic Royalists that never have enough . . . but they’re all headed for the same boiling bed. The sad part of what is unfolding, is that hundreds of millions of people will suffer, as the Goldman Sachs of the world systematically rape pension funds, endowments, fiduciary money they are supposed to be protecting and along the way wreak havoc throughout the world in countries that have never even heard of Goldman Sachs.
So how do we divide this entity into smaller, more socially conscious sharks? Won’t one of those smaller sharks simply grow to consume the others (again) as long as we permit certain kinds of non-productive trades? I mean, what’s the benefit to having each barrel of oil change hands 27 times before it reaches consumers?
That’s not liquidity, that’s scalping.
Reading it again, you’ve described a programmatic form of front running.
“The AMM offers 100 shares at $20.05. The institutional algo declines the trade. It offers $20.04. The algo declines the trade. Then it offers $20.03 – and the algo accepts the trade.”
There is no such thing as “nothing happens and immediatly in computing” There is a response, it’s either no or yes.
the reason is not unknown – they bought themselves a candidate and are reaping incredible ROI
derived from data compiled by the Center for Responsive Politics, quoted from “Obama’s Money Cartel”
By PAM MARTENS
on Counterpunch.
Hope-n-Change®!
“Sixteen Tons”
Sung by Tennessee Ernie Ford
Some people say a man is made outta mud
A poor man’s made outta muscle and blood
Muscle and blood and skin and bones
A mind that’s weak and a back that’s strong
You load sixteen tons, what do you get?
Another day older and deeper in debt
Saint Peter don’t you call me cause I can’t go
I owe my soul to the company store
Being laid off is an expensive proposition.
I was laid off about five months ago. Besides the obvious costs in money, ego, stress and lost retirement, not just for me, but for my wife and son, there are the hidden costs of what could be called the “little” predators, as opposed to the big predators we have all heard of: banks, Wall Street investment firms, creators of indecipherable derivative debts, subprime mortgages palmed off on the ignorant and desparate-for-the-American-Dream masses, the trillion-dollar bailout of the creators of those derivatives and the predators selling those subprime mortgages.
The little predators are the companies, Web sites, and entrepeneurs who spring up to provide—at a cost, plus hidden cost—resume writing aid, job-search sites, interview skills training, high falutin’ sales jobs where the dangled-in-your-face salary stretches into the hundreds of thousands while the real income is more like the $10 per hour you could get from unemployment.
My recent credit-card bills were jawdropping, as the hidden costs were finally revealed. For extra features on CareerBuilder, where no price is in an obvious place—if anywhere at all—I paid $530 last month and got zero job interviews. The networking service, LinkedIn, charged $200 for services I hadn’t realized I had incurred in my attempts to spread the word that I was available for employment. I DID get interviews to sell all kinds of insurance, however. Of course, I had to have the costs of software and classes upfront, with a promise of repayment in the foggy future. Those costs? $400. And I haven’t even explored the cost of the state of New York licensing exam I must take before making the promised, or inferred, hundreds of thousands of dollars. Also, there was a mediabistro fee of $100 that I hadn’t expected. I have to clarify that I knew I had asked for additional features from mediabistro and CareerBuilder and LinkedIn, but nowhere were the costs displayed, and digging down into the Web sites is not appealing when you’re pressed for time job searching and surviving.
Again, while Wall Street idiots and outright thieves were bailed out, the “coal shovelers” like myself now have to pay $89 a month for a subway pass instead of $81, $2.25 per ride instead of $2.00. It’s easy to push the cost onto the schmuck with no power as long as the cost to him is fairly small, small enough so he won’t take his shovel and storm city hall, the White House, or Capitol Hill, or Wall Street. It’s a death of a thousand cuts. Meanwhile, grocery stores now seem to charge at least $4 for EVERYTHING and McDonald’s “meal deals” in midtown are nearing $8—to eat there! Gracious!
Four of our married friends from church have had to move in with the wife’s parents to avoid paying NYC’s exhorbitant rents.
The comp/severance package my worldwide conglomerate gave me when I was laid off five months ago? Sure looked good, but human resources neglected to tell this coal shoveler that 42 percent of it would be taken out for taxes, because it was not “regular” income.
As the Great Depression II drags on, the prospect of having to move in with a friend or family looms, as do an inability to pay for COBRA health insurance (at $275 per month just for me, not including my wife and child), which would mean my son would not get his Concerta or a speech-delay specialist, and my wife an operation she really should have.
With journalism in newspapers a dying field, salaries for my like aren’t going to rise. In fact, to get into Web site media, many of my associates are “pre-lancing,” which is a newly coined word for “free lancing for no money.” The idea is to work for free for one week, learn the new Web site media, and get a good reference from the “pre-lance” “employer.”
For Obama to change all of this, he will have to be FDR, Lincoln, Kennedy and LBJ rolled into one. He will have to push, shove and DEMAND that changes be made to help the little guy. Even the mighty baseball NY Yankees need the little teams to play, or there would be no games to televise and from which to make the huge TV revenue they thrive on.
People are not getting the message, except those who actually ARE CURRENTLY homeless. On any Friday night, you can still see people ignorant of the world’s crisis, the price of gas, the need to cut back from consumerism. They cruise the main streets of midtown or of any sector in the five boroughs, with the men’s arms hanging out over the convertible’s door as their “arm-candy” Friday night date, snuggles up next to their shoulder. Oblivious to the impending Depression and/or collapse as mentioned as a real possibility in Jared Diamond’s “Collapse.”
They blare songs like the following out the convertible’s windows, while I sit in my apartment pounding on my keyboard, sending out resume after resume, like some coal miner shoveling coal and owing my soul to “the company store”—in this case, in the future, the elites of Wall Street, when they make me their serf.
“Little Deuce Coupe”
Sung by The Beach Boys
Little deuce coupe
You don’t know what I got
Well I’m not braggin babe so don’t put me down
But I’ve got the fastest set of wheels in town
When something comes up to me he don’t even try
Cause if I had a set of wings man I know she could fly
She’s my little deuce coupe
You don’t know what I got
Just a little deuce coupe with a flat head mill
But she’ll walk a thunderbird like (she’s) standin still
She’s ported and relieved and she’s stroked and bored.
She’ll do a hundred and forty with the top end floored
She’s my little deuce coupe
You don’t know what I got
She’s got a competition clutch with the four on the floor
And she purrs like a kitten till the lake pipes roar
And if that ain’t enough to make you flip your lid
There’s one more thing, I got the pink slip daddy!
And comin’ off the line when the light turns green
Well she blows ‘em outta the water like you never seen
I get pushed out of shape and its hard to steer
When I get rubber in all four gears
She’s my little deuce coupe
You don’t know what I got
I have been asking for some time now why does Goldman exist? What positive market function does it serve? These are rhetorical questions because Goldman serves no useful function at all and should not be allowed to exist. It certainly should not have access to government and Fed credit lines for its purely speculative activities.
Goldman practically owns the S&P. I and others have been calling this a suckers rally for some time now. Goldman’s profits do not come from wealth creation but from draining money off the markets. If I was an institutional investor, like a pension fund, I would be mad as hell because Goldman’s profits are coming out of my pocket.
But note that Goldman made even more of its profits from commodities. In particular, off of oil. Given an oil glut and weak economic activity, oil should be trading in the low $30 range yet even with some fall off in prices it is still trading at twice that. Guess where a lot of that differential is going. Goldman Sachs isn’t just setting up pension funds to take a big fall. It is draining your wallet everytime you fill up your gas tank.
Goldman and the other TBTF institutions are really nothing more than financial terrorists. al Qaeda despite the hype was never much more than a pin prick to us. Companies like Goldman on the other hand have brought our economy to its knees. They are terrorists in ways that al Qaeda could never dream.
Katherine Austin Fitts: wasn’t she the undersecretary of treasury under Reagan who had some money saving program which figured out how to save a lot of money in the Defense dept. budget and then she got blackballed or something?
Masaccio, I learn much from your posts. Too bad the knowledge is always accompanied by a sinking feeling.
The penny clipping reminds me of the first computer banking fraud I ever heard about. Back in the early days of electronic banking, there was a consortium of banks in DC who hired a programmer to write check sorting programs, depositing the checks in the proper accounts and re-figuring the balances. The first part of the program, invisible to all but the programmer, skimmed the fractions of pennies generated from interest, which the banks thought they had kept for themselves.
By the time the fraud was discovered, just a few months after implementation, he had skipped to the Caimans with a few million.
jonerik, I give you Catherine Austin Fitts.
I’m sorry to read about your situation. You might want to put up a diary on Seminal to warn others about your experience.
It’s not obvious how to break it up. There are three business segments, so that is one basis. The best way might be to get people to leave to start their own businesses.
Worship money and this is the kind of priest you’re going to get.