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	<title>Comments on: Happy Birthday, Mr Truman</title>
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		<title>By: osage</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896111</link>
		<dc:creator>osage</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2009 02:21:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896111</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Benevolent reconstruction on our terms not theirs.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Benevolent reconstruction on our terms not theirs.</p>
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		<title>By: ImperialFlow</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896095</link>
		<dc:creator>ImperialFlow</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2009 01:30:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896095</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;That’s a very nice caricature of the Japanese military leadership you’ve constructed.  Much of which is warranted, and none of which answers any of my three questions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I’m certainly not arguing that the Japanese military leadership was some bastion of humanitarian principle.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;First let me say, I value all life, and am neither tribalistic nor nationalistic.  I can say unequivocally that by any definition of terrorism (Truman’s stated intention was to incur so much devastation and fear amongst the population that they would have to capitulate to the Potsdam Declaration), the use of atomic weapons was without a doubt the most heinous terrorist attack in human history&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The extreme estimates on American losses were predicated on Japan waging “total war.”  A logistic impossibility for one, but a political improbability for another.  The civilian leadership (on behalf of the shame of the citizenry) had already capitulated, and were pressing (with some success) the Emperor to surrender, of which truly the last hold out was a strong cultural and historical concern for the very center of their way of life, the Imperial lineage.  This point utterly underscored by our top political scientists and scholars who sought to employ that tradition during reconstruction.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Will you answer my questions, or would you prefer to erect another strawman?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The United States planned on continuing to drop nuclear bombs on Japan until they surrendered. There were at least 7 additional bombs planned for that purpose.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Considering that the magnitude of their indiscriminate destruction became known after just the first one. How exactly would you characterize the plan and position of pursuing perpetual nuclear bombings of Japan? Would eradicating all non-insect life from the Japanese mainland be thoroughly justified for their lack of surrender?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Prior to Hiroshima the civilian leadership of Japan were already attempting to compel the emperor to surrender. The fleets were destroyed, their resources horribly constrained, and their territorial strongholds were collapsing day-by-day. The hold outs to surrender were the military leadership, and they did so largely because the United States had made it crystal clear that the Imperial lineage would not be allowed to stand. It was a condition of every surrender.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Considering that the last hold-out position of the Japanese was to maintain their culture and tradition of Imperial lineage, and that we refused to give on that point, leading ultimately to the dropping of two atomic weapons. How do you characterize the fact that we ultimately allowed the seat of the Emperor to continue, as it was a useful political tool during the reconstruction?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That’s a very nice caricature of the Japanese military leadership you’ve constructed.  Much of which is warranted, and none of which answers any of my three questions.</p>
<p>I’m certainly not arguing that the Japanese military leadership was some bastion of humanitarian principle.</p>
<p>First let me say, I value all life, and am neither tribalistic nor nationalistic.  I can say unequivocally that by any definition of terrorism (Truman’s stated intention was to incur so much devastation and fear amongst the population that they would have to capitulate to the Potsdam Declaration), the use of atomic weapons was without a doubt the most heinous terrorist attack in human history</p>
<p>The extreme estimates on American losses were predicated on Japan waging “total war.”  A logistic impossibility for one, but a political improbability for another.  The civilian leadership (on behalf of the shame of the citizenry) had already capitulated, and were pressing (with some success) the Emperor to surrender, of which truly the last hold out was a strong cultural and historical concern for the very center of their way of life, the Imperial lineage.  This point utterly underscored by our top political scientists and scholars who sought to employ that tradition during reconstruction.</p>
<p>Will you answer my questions, or would you prefer to erect another strawman?</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The United States planned on continuing to drop nuclear bombs on Japan until they surrendered. There were at least 7 additional bombs planned for that purpose.</p>
<p>Considering that the magnitude of their indiscriminate destruction became known after just the first one. How exactly would you characterize the plan and position of pursuing perpetual nuclear bombings of Japan? Would eradicating all non-insect life from the Japanese mainland be thoroughly justified for their lack of surrender?</p>
<p>Prior to Hiroshima the civilian leadership of Japan were already attempting to compel the emperor to surrender. The fleets were destroyed, their resources horribly constrained, and their territorial strongholds were collapsing day-by-day. The hold outs to surrender were the military leadership, and they did so largely because the United States had made it crystal clear that the Imperial lineage would not be allowed to stand. It was a condition of every surrender.</p>
<p>Considering that the last hold-out position of the Japanese was to maintain their culture and tradition of Imperial lineage, and that we refused to give on that point, leading ultimately to the dropping of two atomic weapons. How do you characterize the fact that we ultimately allowed the seat of the Emperor to continue, as it was a useful political tool during the reconstruction?</p>
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		<title>By: osage</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896087</link>
		<dc:creator>osage</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2009 00:28:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896087</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;I take it you place no value of the American lives that would have been lost if we invaded Japan or the lives that would have been lost if Russia had been able to enforce its will in Europe.  You would have preferred that we invade Japan and give Russia free reign in Eurpoe instead?  &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And by the way, the Japanese had been brutal and merciless conquerors of all the countries they invaded.  Also, the Japanese military leadership didn’t give two shits about their civilian population or Imperial lineage.  They wanted to fight and take as many Americans as possible with them in the hope that Americans would lose their political will to continue to fight and would end the war on more favorable terms to Japan.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I take it you place no value of the American lives that would have been lost if we invaded Japan or the lives that would have been lost if Russia had been able to enforce its will in Europe.  You would have preferred that we invade Japan and give Russia free reign in Eurpoe instead?  </p>
<p>And by the way, the Japanese had been brutal and merciless conquerors of all the countries they invaded.  Also, the Japanese military leadership didn’t give two shits about their civilian population or Imperial lineage.  They wanted to fight and take as many Americans as possible with them in the hope that Americans would lose their political will to continue to fight and would end the war on more favorable terms to Japan.</p>
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		<title>By: ImperialFlow</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896020</link>
		<dc:creator>ImperialFlow</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 21:40:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1896020</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;The United States planned on continuing to drop nuclear bombs on Japan until they surrendered.  There were at least 7 additional bombs planned for that purpose.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Considering that the magnitude of their indiscriminate destruction became known after just the first one.  How exactly would you characterize the plan and position of pursuing perpetual nuclear bombings of Japan?  Would eradicating all non-insect life from the Japanese mainland be thoroughly justified for their lack of surrender?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Prior to Hiroshima the civilian leadership of Japan were already attempting to compel the emperor to surrender.  The fleets were destroyed, their resources horribly constrained, and their territorial strongholds were collapsing day-by-day.  The hold outs to surrender were the military leadership, and they did so largely because the United States had made it crystal clear that the Imperial lineage would not be allowed to stand.  It was a condition of every surrender.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Considering that the last hold-out position of the Japanese was to maintain their culture and tradition of Imperial lineage, and that we refused to give on that point, leading ultimately to the dropping of two atomic weapons.  How do you characterize the fact that we ultimately allowed the seat of the Emperor to continue, as it was a useful political tool during the reconstruction?&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The United States planned on continuing to drop nuclear bombs on Japan until they surrendered.  There were at least 7 additional bombs planned for that purpose.</p>
<p>Considering that the magnitude of their indiscriminate destruction became known after just the first one.  How exactly would you characterize the plan and position of pursuing perpetual nuclear bombings of Japan?  Would eradicating all non-insect life from the Japanese mainland be thoroughly justified for their lack of surrender?</p>
<p>Prior to Hiroshima the civilian leadership of Japan were already attempting to compel the emperor to surrender.  The fleets were destroyed, their resources horribly constrained, and their territorial strongholds were collapsing day-by-day.  The hold outs to surrender were the military leadership, and they did so largely because the United States had made it crystal clear that the Imperial lineage would not be allowed to stand.  It was a condition of every surrender.</p>
<p>Considering that the last hold-out position of the Japanese was to maintain their culture and tradition of Imperial lineage, and that we refused to give on that point, leading ultimately to the dropping of two atomic weapons.  How do you characterize the fact that we ultimately allowed the seat of the Emperor to continue, as it was a useful political tool during the reconstruction?</p>
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		<title>By: osage</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895973</link>
		<dc:creator>osage</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 20:26:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895973</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Japan still refused to surrender after the Hiroshima bomb was dropped.  We only had one more A-bomb at the time and that bomb had to break the will of the Japanese “government” to continue to fight.  The Japanese “military establishment” wanted every Japanese citizen to fight to the death.  If the Japanese Emperor hadn’t himself made the decision that he could no longer sacrifice the lives of his people, the military leaders would have fought to the last man, woman and child rather than surrender, which was exactly what Truman was trying to avoid.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Japan still refused to surrender after the Hiroshima bomb was dropped.  We only had one more A-bomb at the time and that bomb had to break the will of the Japanese “government” to continue to fight.  The Japanese “military establishment” wanted every Japanese citizen to fight to the death.  If the Japanese Emperor hadn’t himself made the decision that he could no longer sacrifice the lives of his people, the military leaders would have fought to the last man, woman and child rather than surrender, which was exactly what Truman was trying to avoid.</p>
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		<title>By: osage</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895953</link>
		<dc:creator>osage</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 20:13:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895953</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Yes I did.  When confronted with a real life decision to kill two hundred thousand humans beings or kill two million human beings, are you seriously suggesting that he should have decided to save two hundred thousand lives at the cost of two million lives?  Are you seriously suggesting that he should have allowed Russia to forcefully take ALL of Europe behind an Iron Curtain and kill hundreds of thousands if not millions more people in the process?  I agree that war is about as stupid and destructive as man gets, but what is the benefit of being morally right at the cost of millions of more lives?  America was attacked by Japan.  Russia would have decimated Europe.  The morality of war was irrelevant compared to saving of millions of lives.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes I did.  When confronted with a real life decision to kill two hundred thousand humans beings or kill two million human beings, are you seriously suggesting that he should have decided to save two hundred thousand lives at the cost of two million lives?  Are you seriously suggesting that he should have allowed Russia to forcefully take ALL of Europe behind an Iron Curtain and kill hundreds of thousands if not millions more people in the process?  I agree that war is about as stupid and destructive as man gets, but what is the benefit of being morally right at the cost of millions of more lives?  America was attacked by Japan.  Russia would have decimated Europe.  The morality of war was irrelevant compared to saving of millions of lives.</p>
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		<title>By: Minnesotachuck</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895935</link>
		<dc:creator>Minnesotachuck</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 19:38:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895935</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Planning for invasions of Kyushu followed by Honshu was underway in the summer of ‘45, and Truman was getting estimates from the military that US KIA totals could be as high as 500K if resistance proved comparable to what was experienced on Iwo Jima and Okinawa earlier that year.  Not to mention millions of Japanese.  Furthermore it was recognized that it was strategically urgent to end the Pacific war decisively for the following, among other reasons:&lt;br /&gt;
-  As Osage noted in #9 above, Soviet encroachment into Europe would almost certainly have gone further than it historically did if the US had been distracted by a war with Japan that dragged out into late 1946 or ‘47.&lt;br /&gt;
-  As Truman was contemplating the A-bomb decision he was aware that the Soviets were transferring dozens of divisions from Europe to eastern Asia via the Trans-Siberian Railway, as per agreements made at Yalta, and were planning to begin operations in Manchuria in the fall.  Those who chose to see (many in Washington didn’t) were becoming alarmed at the Soviet’s suppression of representative government in the eastern Europe countries they controlled, and were growing alarmed at the strategic implications of similar actions on their part should they have a significant enough part in the final defeat of Japan to demand extensive involvement in post-war settlements and affairs.  As it was, they accelerated their schedule and hurriedly attacked Japanese controlled Manchuria a few days after Nagasaki.  If the military coup that was attempted in an effort to overpower the emperor’s peace initiative had succeeded and the fighting dragged on even another few weeks, the Soviets would very likely would have been in a position to make significant demands. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There’s also a compelling political reason.  It is unlikely that the secrecy lid could have been kept on the A-bomb much longer.  This would have especially been the case if the Trinity test in New Mexico had been a success, as it was, and then Truman decided not to use the bomb as soon as possible thereafter.  The invasion of Kyushu was scheduled for November 1, and the limited intelligence that was available about the defenses on that island was striking fears in the planners that the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Downfall&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Operation Olympic&lt;/a&gt; would make Iwo Jima and Okinawa look like a day at the park. When the resultant thousands of new gold stars began appearing on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_flag&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;service flags&lt;/a&gt; in the windows of American homes and it became known that President Truman had decided against using weapon so shocking in power that it might have ended the war within days, he’s have been lucky to escape Washington with his life.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Planning for invasions of Kyushu followed by Honshu was underway in the summer of ‘45, and Truman was getting estimates from the military that US KIA totals could be as high as 500K if resistance proved comparable to what was experienced on Iwo Jima and Okinawa earlier that year.  Not to mention millions of Japanese.  Furthermore it was recognized that it was strategically urgent to end the Pacific war decisively for the following, among other reasons:<br />
-  As Osage noted in #9 above, Soviet encroachment into Europe would almost certainly have gone further than it historically did if the US had been distracted by a war with Japan that dragged out into late 1946 or ‘47.<br />
-  As Truman was contemplating the A-bomb decision he was aware that the Soviets were transferring dozens of divisions from Europe to eastern Asia via the Trans-Siberian Railway, as per agreements made at Yalta, and were planning to begin operations in Manchuria in the fall.  Those who chose to see (many in Washington didn’t) were becoming alarmed at the Soviet’s suppression of representative government in the eastern Europe countries they controlled, and were growing alarmed at the strategic implications of similar actions on their part should they have a significant enough part in the final defeat of Japan to demand extensive involvement in post-war settlements and affairs.  As it was, they accelerated their schedule and hurriedly attacked Japanese controlled Manchuria a few days after Nagasaki.  If the military coup that was attempted in an effort to overpower the emperor’s peace initiative had succeeded and the fighting dragged on even another few weeks, the Soviets would very likely would have been in a position to make significant demands. </p>
<p>There’s also a compelling political reason.  It is unlikely that the secrecy lid could have been kept on the A-bomb much longer.  This would have especially been the case if the Trinity test in New Mexico had been a success, as it was, and then Truman decided not to use the bomb as soon as possible thereafter.  The invasion of Kyushu was scheduled for November 1, and the limited intelligence that was available about the defenses on that island was striking fears in the planners that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Downfall" rel="nofollow">Operation Olympic</a> would make Iwo Jima and Okinawa look like a day at the park. When the resultant thousands of new gold stars began appearing on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_flag" rel="nofollow">service flags</a> in the windows of American homes and it became known that President Truman had decided against using weapon so shocking in power that it might have ended the war within days, he’s have been lucky to escape Washington with his life.</p>
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		<title>By: rapier</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895909</link>
		<dc:creator>rapier</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 18:46:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895909</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Ike was against dropping the bomb, before and after. I understand the dynamic which made it inevitable that Truman would decide to. It would have taken a giant of a man and politician to go against the consensus and not use the nukes. Let us not pretend Truman was that.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All his mistakes, well most, arose from listening to the great grand strategic thinkers. Then again how could a man of his background resist? Truman was the most ‘common man’ president, perhaps ever.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ike was against dropping the bomb, before and after. I understand the dynamic which made it inevitable that Truman would decide to. It would have taken a giant of a man and politician to go against the consensus and not use the nukes. Let us not pretend Truman was that.</p>
<p>All his mistakes, well most, arose from listening to the great grand strategic thinkers. Then again how could a man of his background resist? Truman was the most ‘common man’ president, perhaps ever.</p>
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		<title>By: CalGeorge</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895902</link>
		<dc:creator>CalGeorge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 18:36:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895902</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;More “Monday morning quarterbacking” from Kurt Vonnegut:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“The most racist, nastiest act by this country, after human slavery, was the bombing of Nagasaki. Not of Hiroshima, which might have had some military significance. But Nagasaki was purely blowing away yellow men, women, and children.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.progressive.org/mag_intv0603&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.progressive.org/mag_intv0603&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;One was too many. Two was absolutely vile.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More “Monday morning quarterbacking” from Kurt Vonnegut:</p>
<p>“The most racist, nastiest act by this country, after human slavery, was the bombing of Nagasaki. Not of Hiroshima, which might have had some military significance. But Nagasaki was purely blowing away yellow men, women, and children.”</p>
<p><a href="http://www.progressive.org/mag_intv0603" rel="nofollow">http://www.progressive.org/mag_intv0603</a></p>
<p>One was too many. Two was absolutely vile.</p>
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		<title>By: oregondave</title>
		<link>http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895880</link>
		<dc:creator>oregondave</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2009 18:00:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://firedoglake.com/2009/05/09/happy-birthday-mr-truman/#comment-1895880</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;moralists and Monday morning quarterbacks came crawling out of the woodwork&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;OK, who else would you like to dehumanize today? Language has power. Did you really mean to compare those whose moral conscience is seared by the reality of such mass violent death and suffering to insects?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;War will never end as long as we humans make these cost/benefit analyses with human life. This has been addressed here at fdl several times in recent weeks, in criticizing the torture apologists.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>moralists and Monday morning quarterbacks came crawling out of the woodwork</p>
</blockquote>
<p>OK, who else would you like to dehumanize today? Language has power. Did you really mean to compare those whose moral conscience is seared by the reality of such mass violent death and suffering to insects?</p>
<p>War will never end as long as we humans make these cost/benefit analyses with human life. This has been addressed here at fdl several times in recent weeks, in criticizing the torture apologists.</p>
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