Representative Rush Holt, Chairman of the House's Select Intelligence Oversight Panel, spoke with Glenn Greenwald on his new radio show and expressed his support for an independent Congressinal investigation into the unresolved questions about the Anthrax attacks.
So Accountability Now is launching a petition that will be delivered to the Democratic leadership in Congress who could make it happen:
Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi
Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy
House Judiciary Committee Chairman John Conyers
House Select Oversight Panel Chairman Rush HoltDuring the height of the fear generated by the anthrax attacks of 2001, ABC News repeatedly reported that the Anthrax used in the attacks could be linked to Saddam Hussein. We now know these claims to be false, but at the time they played a key role in fanning the flames of mounting tension with Iraq, and ABC refuses to identify who fed them those fabricated reports.
Beyond that disturbing episode, there are numerous questions that remain unresolved with regard to the anthrax attacks. Even leading members of Congress charged with oversight of the FBI -- including Sen. Pat Leahy, Rep. Rush Holt and former Sen. Tom Daschle -- have repeatedly complained that they have been "stonewalled" in their attempt to obtain basic information. In light of the magnitude of the anthrax attacks, it is imperative that Americans be convinced that all facts relevant to these attacks have been divulged.
Only an investigative body endowed with full Subpoena power -- whether that be a specially-constitituted Senate-House Committee of the type that investigated the Iran-contra scandal, or an independent Commission of the type that investigated the 9/11 attacks -- would be sufficient for ensuring that all facts are divulged.
Rep. Holt, as Chair of the Select Intelligence Oversight Panel, recently said that he supports this proposal, and as Americans who insist that facts surrounding the anthrax attacks and the subsequent investigation be fully disclosed, we urge you to support such a proposal and promptly commence a real investigation.
You can co-sign the petition here. We're going to be taking out a newspaper ad on this action with the money that comes in on the August 8 moneybomb, and the first thousand people to co-sign the petition will have their names printed in the paper.
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Signed. This whole thing stinks to high heaven.
You mean you’re not buying the whole “weirdo obsessing over sorority girls” theory of the case?
Cynic.
Signed it!
We must have accountability for this bungled investigation. What was John McCain talking about on October 18, 2001, on David Letterman’s show, when he said the anthrax attacks may have something to do with Saddam, and that that would be “the second phase” of America’s war on terror?
Who were his sources?
Signed. Strange case but, like everything else with this bunch, I am wary about the facts.
Hi Jane
Signed.
Thanks Jane.
I was going to go fishing today, but I think I’ll get people to sign the petition instead. We can always go fishing tomorrow, but today, people are trying to steal our country.
tpm had a video up for a few minutes of McCain offerng Cindy up, but somebody’s made them take it down already “no longer available…”
This is really really olde news. Congress is way to slow on the uptake, too late, and billions of dollars short. There should be calls for the mass arrest of Congress for giving up all those billions for lost war causes abroad.
too slow
Signed.
Not holding breath regarding positive response from self-serving smudge-pots in DC, however.
Hiya! Jane, SD, Teddy and Twain …
Fished lately?
It’s on this diary at KOS:
http://www.dailykos.com/storyo.....569/562859
Remember that at the time these claims were made, Michael Eisner was leading Disney, and they owned ABC. Do you know Mr. Eisner’s leanings and politics? Don’t think for a moment that Eisner’s own political/religious convictions are to be ignored in reviewing this timeframe. How many of Eisner’s buddies were promoting the war at the highest levels of industry in the US? What did they all have in common?
ABC was used as a tool of the administration, but one must consider that it was the direct result of Eisner’s desire for it to be so used. Do you know how many “agents” work within Disney and ABC? Former Rand Analysts? Secret Service?
Dozens.
The Sunday before the last election at 8:30 est, Good Morning America featured a segment with George Stephanopolis pimping his Sunday morning program.
The segment featured his interview with VP Cheney.
The question was about the war in Iraq, and as Cheney was responding to the question, the Images on screen were file footage of the smoldering Twin Towers and the Smoldering Pentagon - ON 9/11.
THE IMAGES CHOSEN BY A PRODUCER AT ABC NEWS TO ILLUSTRATE CHENEY DISCUSSING IRAQ WERE OF 9/11. THIS DESPITE THE FACT THAT NEITHER THE QUESTION - NOR THE ANSWER - HAD ANYTHING WHATSOEVER TO DO WITH THAT ENTIRELY SEPARATE EVENT.
WHO ORDERED THAT THOSE IMAGES BE USED?
DEMAND THE TRUTH.
In 1959 Congress amended the Communications Act of 1934 to enshrine the Fairness Doctrine into law, rewriting Chapter 315(a) to read: “A broadcast licensee shall afford reasonable opportunity for discussion of conflicting views on matters of public importance.”
http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0212-03.htm
When Edward Monks, a lawyer in Eugene, Oregon, studied the two commercial talk stations in his town (Eugene Register-Guard, 6/30/02), he found “80 hours per week, more than 4,000 hours per year, programmed for Republican and conservative talk shows, without a single second programmed for a Democratic or liberal perspective.” Observing that Eugene (a generally progressive town) was “fairly representative,” Monks concluded: “Political opinions expressed on talk radio are approaching the level of uniformity that would normally be achieved only in a totalitarian society.”
That’s why we need a Fairness Doctrine. It’s simply a mechanism to address the most extreme kinds of broadcast abuse.
Signed.
Greenwald on the sorority girls “obsession.”:
.
Brad Friedman on Ivins political affialiation. Registered democrat.
And more on Duley the social worker.
Deal me in.
But I’d also like to see some push for accountability concerning the failure of America’s air defense system to intercept 3 hijacked airplanes on 9/11.
Usually when there is such a spectacular failure the first question people ask is, “Why did this failure occur?”
Such is not the case concerning the massive failure of our air defense system almost 7 years ago.
In fact, the simple posing of this obvious question is to invite attacks from across the political spectrum. (Hi Arianna!)
Hook, line and sinker!
To hot to consider fishing today.
Petition signed. Thanks Jane!
The US has not had fighter planes patrolling the skies 24/7 for decades, so in order for “air defense to intercept” there would ahve been a need to:
Scramble planes from a fighter base
Identify that the passenger jets had been hi-jacked
Get the fighters into the same air space as the hi-jacked commercial jets
Assure proper identification that it was the appropriate commercial jets
Make the decision to shoot down the commercial jets, with civilian passengers on board.
Shoot them down
Hope the commercial jets did not go down in residential areas.
All this without knowing anything about the hi-jackers themselves, their motives, or their end destinations.
It sounds great on paper as “Why wasn’t this done?” but there are a lot of steps along the way that forestalled it happening.
Thanks for this pithy comment, Plunger. I appreciate many of your comments on these pages.
As your question seems to answer…there was no failure.
No one lost their job. No one was punished.
Many received raises, promotions and even the Medal Of Freedom, if not outright Knighthood by her Majesty, the Queen of BP and the Bank Of England.
Mineta testified under oath to Cheney’s performance in the bunker as the “plane” approached on radar. It impacted the Pentagon perfectly, without a shot ever being fired.
Clearly there was no failure - only success.
All roads lead to Cheney.
The keystone cops have nothing on the FBI. The latter always take the credit for the success of actual investigators and crime solvers. The actual rôle of the FBI is to cover shit up, as in the 9/11/01 catastrophe.
Signed, sealed, delivered.
Power to the people, right on.
So how do we know how many have signed and how many have signed before we signed? What if you don’t want your name in the paper, but you’re not sure if you’ve signed before or after 1,000 others?
Here’s the FBI Agent who obstructed justice in BOTH the 9/11 investigation AND the Anthrax investigation, and was REWARDED for his loyalty to the co-conspirators - all enabled by the FBI and the CIA:
www.historycommons.org Marion Spike Bowman
Listen to the interview with Francis A. Boyle here:
http://www.alexjonesfan58.com/…..sboyle.mp3
http://radiodujour.com/people/boyle_francis/
Signed
Had to actually do some work.
Yup, cynical as they come. And just as jaded.
Whoo Hoo Jane - you give new meaning to the old adage: lead by doing! Never had so many been so happy to be strange bedfellows. ;~))))
not sure why that link was busted - try this for FBI Agent Marion (Spike) Bowman.
http://www.historycommons.org/…..ty=marion_(_spike_)_bowman
I think when boy named Marion grows up, perhaps he needs to compensate by becoming an FBI agent AND nicknaming himself “Spike.” It may explain why he became the go-to “fixer” on the matters of gravest import to the administration.
Perhaps Butch, er, I mean Bush has rewarded “Spike” personally.
you should use the HTML tool in the header if you are going to post links.
see the “Chain” link icon? Highlight a text word, then click the “link” button, post the entire URL into the box that pops up. hit enter and you have a link that WordPress won’t “edit” so you can direct people to other pages better.
Digg the petition page here:
http://digg.com/politics/Call_.....rax_Claims
And please spread it to any of your friends. Thanks!!
FBI Agent “Spike”
signed,
and dugg!
Who could ever assume we have anything near to the whole accurate story on this considering this administration and the last 7+ years???!!!
No one with a mind, kids, NO one with a mind!
Everybody needs to watch this video by a reporter in Baghdad - the so-called “surge” was apparently a mission to create 20 miles of walls, creating ghettos in Baghdad…:
http://www.dailykos.com/storyo.....512/562900
Notice that he says there are no American troops to be found or seen…
Where are the troops? Are they secretly being withdrawn or are they on bases?
Chimp, Laura and not jenna disembarking a plane in N. Korea on the toobz now. Like he’s a normal person, flying around the world, with NO BLOOD on his hands!
Disgusting! Why isn’t he being arrested, anywhere???
To me, it’s like watching Hitler being greeted and cheered in old filmstrips.
Makes me sad and ashamed and outraged!
It’s still there, Edward, I just watched it. You may need to refresh, or in my case, I had just rebooted. Geez, this shows how dumb McLame really is!
Sadly true.
However, this does not explain why one gets kicked out of Huffpo or DKos for challenging the “official” story.
Fairness Doctrine. Yes.
Another ‘gift’ from St. Ronnie, that just keeps on ‘giving’.
plunger, this is another of your most thought-provoking comments,which are greatly appreciated.
Your ‘inside’ grasp is authoritive, comprehensive, and totally intriguing.
More, please.
ABC reported that bentonite was discovered to have been found in the mailed anthrax. Saddam’s anthrax was known to have contained bentonite.
The problem is that the anthrax involved in the American anthrax caper did not contain bentonite. Someone like Dick ordered that ABC issue a false report that linked Saddam to the anthrax via the bentonite that was not there.
ABC Network…it represents the ‘dark side’ of America, the Republican side. ABC News much like FOX News is open to do any evil to accomplish their control of America.
They’re all 90 percent in the tank with the Republicans. CNN, NBC, CBS, ABC, and all the cable affiliates. Just because a little nugget of the truth comes once in a while, does not make them not Republican enablers.
Have you read through all of this yet? It’s a compilation that was actually posted by someone other than me…sort of a “best of” that helps connect all the dots.
PlungerSpeaks.Blogspot.com
As for Cliff’s comment re: being banned from many other web sites including Huff and Kos, I hold the world record for that. Only now, as my prior views, theories and writings are being matched by revelations on a near daily basis, has tinfoil become so downright fashionable.
Conspiracy is a legal term. Can we all be adults and discuss this and other related conspiracies without being accused of being “Conspiracy Theorists” (as though that were a bad thing).
Having a theory about a conspiracy was a prerequisite for Fitzgerald’s investigators. It’s time to praise those who are able to think outside the box and comprehend the means, motive and opportunity that leads to these types of Conspiracies.
It’s time to raise the level of discourse where the term “Conspiracy” is concerned:
Franklin Conspiracy Indictment
We’ve all been conditioned to snicker and ridicule when non-professionals offer theories about conspiracies. It’s time to talk about all of these theories and unravel the whole CONSPIRACY.
The US has not had fighter planes patrolling the skies 24/7 for decades, so in order for “air defense to intercept” there would ahve been a need to:
Scramble planes from a fighter base
Like the dozens of bases within minutes of the hijacked planes?
http://www.attackonamerica.net.....non911.htm
Identify that the passenger jets had been hi-jacked
A real problem when the man in charge of all US military anti-terror drills schedules FIVE anti-terror drills on the same day, preventing the FAA from being able to “tell the good guys from the bad guys.”
Get the fighters into the same air space as the hi-jacked commercial jets
And the problem with that on 9/11 was…?
Assure proper identification that it was the appropriate commercial jets
And the problem with that on 9/11 was…?
Make the decision to shoot down the commercial jets, with civilian passengers on board.
Prior to that the jets are to “intercept” the planes, the shootdown orders would follow the “interceptions,” if at all.
And why weren’t those airliners intercepted?
Shoot them down
Hope the commercial jets did not go down in residential areas.
All this without knowing anything about the hi-jackers themselves, their motives, or their end destinations.
It sounds great on paper as “Why wasn’t this done?” but there are a lot of steps along the way that forestalled it happening.
You describe the situation well, but you don’t answer the question.
What, exactly, forestalled the interception of those planes by jets stationed at nearby air bases?
I agree with you. The official
“stories”we’ve been told on a daily basis for the past 8 years are being exposed daily…and lately at a more rapid rate it seems. The only “conspiracy” is their conspiracy to take over our country…lock, stock, and barrel.“What, exactly, forestalled the interception of those planes by jets stationed at nearby air bases?”
Who, not what.
Also, many of the planes were on operations with Canada that day and were not in their normal positions.
Mineta testified that he believed there was a shootdown order from Cheney. It is in his testimony…the one that the 9/11 Commission omitted. Also, he says in the testimony that he wasn’t sure at the time, but “later” learned there was. It’s on Youtube.
plunger;
I had not seen that.
Clearly you have the knack of rubbing certain folk the wrong way.
More power to you.
Your ‘record’ reflects both merit and courage.
Am most-pleased to have ‘met’ you.
You look well on yur way to becoming one of the ‘usual suspects’ here.
We are blessed, indeed, by your presence.
;~D
What are the “dozens of bases” you are considering as “within minutes”? These have to be bases with operational fighter wings on alert status with fighters scrambling within minutes. And by “within minutes” I am still talking that it most likely takes roughly 15 minutes just to get the fighters IN the air. The fighters then have to make it to the same air space, verify the target, etc.
As I say, it sounds wonderfully simple. It isn’t. And as you mention, all this when there is a supposed exercise going on as well.
And why didn’t it happen? Would you want to be the commander giving the order to shoot down US civilian aircraft over the US without knowing EXACTLY what and why you were doing so?
Cheney was in control. That is where the shootdown order came from.
Even when the FBI develops a strong, credible case against likely perpetrators of the anthrax attacks, what can the government look forward to at trial and on appeal?
Critical cross examination of its evidence and witnesses, its investigatory methods and lack of success, and claims about new forensic methods that ”prove” associations beyond a reasonable doubt. There will be searching questions about the existence, purposes and management of secret bio-weapons facilities, which gave us the weapons and the perpetrators who attacked us, and the failed management and security clearance procedures that allowed it.
It will reveal the debacle of the Hatfill investigation and the multi-million dollar payment that settled it, and suggest that the FBI’s performance against Dr. Ivins is no more sound that its case against Dr. Hatfill. It will attempt to reveal the political motives behind the attacks, and those who led the investigations into them, and claims that attempted to relate the attacks to Saddam and 9/11. While not useful in determining the guilt or innocence of the accused, it would likely impugn the integrity of those to whom the investigators report.
The anthrax case is the last one this administration wants to see in a court of law; it prefers the court of manipulable public opinion. Suicide and “case closed” accomplish that admirably.
As with torture, secret prisons, the Gitmo trials and illegal domestic spying, examining the handling of this case is like looking into the administration’s eyes and seeing no soul, only the void staring back.
Mineta testimony under oath:
“MR. HAMILTON: Let me see if I understand. The plane that was headed toward the
Pentagon and was some miles away, there was an order to shoot that plane down [?]
MR. MINETA:
Well, I don’t know that specifically, but I do know that the airplanes
were scrambled from Langley or from Norfolk, the Norfolk area. But I did not know about
the orders specifically other than listening to that other conversation.
MR. HAMILTON: But there very clearly was an order to shoot commercial aircraft
down.
MR. MINETA:
Subsequently I found that out.“
New CHS
Note that it was Mr. Hamilton, the purported questioner, who “testified” that there was a shoot down order, NOT Mr. Mineta, the witness under oath, who just happened to be in the room watching it all unfold before his eyes in real time on 9/11.
That there was no shoot-down order is evidenced by the fact that no shots were fired by the most heavily fortified building in America, and no one was subsequently fired.
Is this shit easy to figure out, or what?
What are the “dozens of bases” you are considering as “within minutes”?
Here’s 7 in New York alone. If I didn’t have to run I could list the rest, but I think you can figure it out.
http://www.globemaster.de/cgi-.....ew+Records
These have to be bases with operational fighter wings on alert status with fighters scrambling within minutes. And by “within minutes” I am still talking that it most likely takes roughly 15 minutes just to get the fighters IN the air.
10 minutes.
The fighters then have to make it to the same air space, verify the target, etc.
Great. None of this happened. Why??
As I say, it sounds wonderfully simple. It isn’t. And as you mention, all this when there is a supposed exercise going on as well.
Nothing “supposed” about it. There were 5 anti-terror drills occuring in a high-risk “hair on fire” terror-alert environment that effectively disabled the US air defense system.
Cheney was the boss of this. Either he was a gross incompetent or an outright traitor. I think the American people have a right to an answer to these questions.
And why didn’t it happen? Would you want to be the commander giving the order to shoot down US civilian aircraft over the US without knowing EXACTLY what and why you were doing so?
The shootdown is one thing, intercepting the hi-jacked planes is another.
It didn’t happen, even though it should have.
Why??
The former Stewart Air Force Base had been privatized. By who? Look it up.
Did U.S. Air Force Planes Hit the Twin Towers? *PIC*
Posted By: ChristopherBollyn
Date: Tuesday, 2 August 2005, 2:07 p.m.
On the morning of September 11, 2001, the flight paths of Flight 11 and Flight 175 converged as they crossed Stewart International Airport at Newburgh, about 60 miles north of the World Trade Center. The two planes appear to have crossed paths directly above the recently privatized Stewart Air Force base at the very same moment, or they simply landed there.
It is indeed possible that the two civilian planes landed at Stewart, which has a large Air National Guard and NORAD facility, and that two military drones under remote control took off to replace them and continue the 60 mile flight to New York City.
But why would the military and air traffic controllers send two remote-controlled airplanes into the World Trade Center?
One possibility could be that the two remote-controlled airplanes were part of the NORAD military exercise that was taking place that day.
Therefore, the Air Force personnel who sent those remote controlled airplanes into the air would have assumed they were part of the exercise.
After the airplanes were in the air, somebody with access to the computer systems used by the U.S. Air Force could alter the flight paths and send them into the World Trade Center towers.
This is where the computer hacking aspect of 9-11 comes into play. In this scenario, foreign software, some of it made by Israeli military intelligence, loaded onto U.S. government and military computers would facilitate foreign hackers being able to change the data and manipulate the aircraft from abroad.
The key suspects of being behind such computer treachery would be Israeli Mossad-sponsored software companies or a “cut-out” companies such as PTECH of Quincy, Massachusetts.
MITRE Corp. is another firm that is in the position to have complete access to the most sensitive computers in the U.S. Air Force.
As risk analyst Indira Singh has testified at 9-11 events, PTECH and MITRE worked on the computer systems of the FAA and NORAD during the year prior to 9-11. Their work with these agencies dealt with the inter-operability of their computer systems in an emergency. Sound familiar?
When U.S. Air Force personnel heard that the towers were hit, they would be told, and assume to be true, that Flights 11 and 175 had crashed into the towers. But these civilian planes had actually secretly landed at Stewart’s privately owned airport (National Express Group, a British firm based in Texas).
Flight 93 also probably did actually land at Cleveland’s Hopkins Airport, as the AP reported on Sept. 11, 2001.
If the remote-controlled airplanes were supposed to land at some other airport, nobody at Stewart International Airport would think it strange that the military’s remote-controlled aircraft failed to return.
The airport that was supposed to receive the remote-controlled airplanes could be told that due to the attack on the towers, the exercise has been terminated, and the planes landed somewhere else.
If anybody knows, or has an idea, which military aircraft may have been used in the exercises on September 11, and if any of them were remote-controlled, and where they took off, please contact Christopher Bollyn of American Free Press.
Petition signed! Thanks, Jane!
Bob in HI
Well, IIRC, none of those bases you list in NY state are or were supporting active, operational fighter wings. There may have been some active Air National Guard units at those locations, flying older model, out-dated fighters but those would scramble just a bit slower than active Air Force units.
I’m sorry, I don’t see a conspiracy in “why didn’t the Air Force shoot down unarmed US commercial aviation over US soil on 9/11/01″
This anthrax issue is as important as anything of the other lawbreaking of this administration, and should absolutely be investigated by an independent prosecutor.
I’m definitely signing the petition, but is there any evidence that these petitions actually make a difference? I get the feeling that we’ve been calling for investigations, one after the other, of the most heinous crimes imaginable, but there just doesn’t seem to be a will in the Congress or Justice Department to look too deeply into these misdeeds. I’m afraid it’s because everybody’s hands are dirty, but you’d think there would be a few people who would not stop yelling until these things got looked into.
I mean, even the most ardent progressives seem to have a threshold beyond which they won’t go. Bernie Sanders, and a bunch of others, could have filibustered the FISA bill. Even if it didn’t work, you’d think they’d care enough about the country to get on the record as having filibustered. Leahy too. He’ll go so far, but no further. Never far enough to lift the rug on all the dirt. I just don’t get it.
Pataki & Lauder?
Hmmmmm…..
No troops out and about means no action against them, which translates into a better security situation for the corporate media to tout to the lizard brains watching Faux News.
The “surge” is Orwell-speak for ethnic cleansing of Baghdad neighborhoods on a vast scale. Basically, the strategy in Baghdad was apartheid. I think someone ought to ask McCain a carefully-worded question about that.
Bob in HI
But…I thought the new mantra was “drill, drill, drilll.” ‘Cmon you guys, get with the program.
Karen Kwiatkowski knows the entire truth. She worked inside. She saw how the Office Of Special Plans operated.
SHE KNOWS THE TRUTH
C-SPAN Interview April 2, 2006
Lt. Col. Karen Kwiatkowski
U.S. Air Force, 1983-2003
She saw which Generals from which country (other than our own) were free to come and go to the planning meetings in the lead up to the war without the need to sign in.
Whose war is this, any way?
I signed. Thanks, Jane, for the notice.
Botched anthrax investigation & subsequent lying to the public =
Watergate break in by Nixon’s plumbers.
This may be the smoking gun.
Who will be the first journalist to ask McCain about his October 2001 statements about Iraq and anthrax?
Signed, & will post on my blog.
I think Glenn is a little off-track on the bentonite angle - the real question that needs to be asked is why the FBI are denying that silica was found as an additive in the Daschle anthrax? It is well documented that the army have officially stated silica was found. The FBI’s peer-reviewed paper stating there were no additives has been officially discredited - it contained totally unsupported conclusions. The army labs (AFIP) forensic reports that found silica need to be released !
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_anthrax_attacks
The August 2006 issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology contained an article written by Dr. Douglas Beecher of the FBI labs in Quantico, VA.[34] The article, titled “Forensic Application of Microbiological Culture Analysis to Identify Mail Intentionally Contaminated with Bacillus anthracis spores ,” states “Individuals familiar with the compositions of the powders in the letters have indicated that they were comprised simply of spores purified to different extents.” The article also specifically criticizes “a widely circulated misconception” “that the spores were produced using additives and sophisticated engineering supposedly akin to military weapon production.” The harm done by this misconception is described this way: “This idea is usually the basis for implying that the powders were inordinately dangerous compared to spores alone. The persistent credence given to this impression fosters erroneous preconceptions, which may misguide research and preparedness efforts and generally detract from the magnitude of hazards posed by simple spore preparations.” However, after this article had appeared the editor of Applied and Environmental Microbiology, L. Nicholas Ornston, stated that he was uncomfortable with Beecher’s statement in the article since it had no evidence to back it up and contained no citation.[35]
In August 2007 Dr. Kay Mereish, UN Chief, Biological Planning and Operations, published a letter in Applied and Environmental Microbiology titled “Unsupported Conclusions on the Bacillus anthracis Spores”.[37] This letter, published in the same journal as FBI scientist Douglas Beecher (see paragraph above), points out that the statements made by Dr. Beecher in his article on the lack of additives were not backed up with any data. She suggested that Dr. Beecher publish a paper with analytical data showing the absence of silica or other additives. Such data would include SEM images of the pure spores as well as EDX spectra and EDX images showing the absence of any foreign additives such as silica or the elements silicon and oxygen. Dr. Mereish referenced a 2006 CBRN, Counter-Proliferation and Response meeting in Paris where a presenter announced that an additive was present in the attack anthrax that affected the spore’s electrical charges.