Sometimes, I dream about a snorkeling/scuba excursion to a remote reef for a long dive in the silence (YouTube), with schools of fish that teem among the vibrant, living splendor of the corals.  Recent reports are that coral is dying off in large numbers as they eject their algae, bleaching out the colonies of living coral into a reef of lifeless white.  This damage impacts not just the denizens of the reefs themselves, but all of us:

"Rising ocean temperatures are the most pervasive threat," the researchers report, "and almost half of all the world’s coral reefs have recently experienced medium- to high-level impacts."…

"Coral is the equivalent to the rainforest in terms of diversity, but underwater," says Ilze Berzins, head of biology operations at The Florida Aquarium in Tampa. "The life that coral reefs support is phenomenal."

Corals aren’t just home to an abundance of life – they act as buffers to crowded coastlines, Berzins adds: "So when you lose coral reefs, you’re more susceptible to storm and wave damage."

Corals make up some of the oldest and most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Yet, they are sensitive to changes in salinity, ultraviolet radiation and nutrient levels. When healthy, they are a rich source of food for countless species, including more than 4,000 varieties of fish.

"Reefs provide homes, nurseries, feeding grounds and spawning sites to a diversity of life that is virtually unparalleled anywhere else in the world," Harrould-Kolieb says.

Because corals live at the upper edge of their temperature tolerance, they are vulnerable to changes in temperature. Incremental warming above normal can put stress on the microscopic plants that live in coral tissue and provide reefs with their bounty of color. If overstressed, the plants die and the coral turns white, or bleached, exposing the white calcium carbonate skeletons of the coral colony.

There is a bit of good news:  at least those reefs in warmer seas are not yet feeling the same stress as those which have developed in cooler, less tropical climates — and that appears to be due to the evolution of that coral with a different type of higher-temperature tolerant algae.  Scientists are working on helping stressed reefs replace algae to a higher temperature tolerant variety, but it is far from workable at this point.

In the meantime, damage is becoming more widespread.

According to recent studies, no ocean remains untouched by rising temperatures and other environmental damage stemming from human actions.  (Of course, it isn’t just oceans — all over the globe, ecosystems are rapidly changing under various stresses, but stay with me here.)  One of the areas of enormous change?  The cooler waters of the Arctic and Antarctic oceans, where warmer water creatures like giant crabs and sharks and others not usually seen in those waters move into them as the water heats.  Other warmer areas are being overwhelmed by species like jellyfish who thrive where other species struggle.  That imbalance has enormous consequences over the long term.

From the time I was very small, watching the Cousteau documentaries on PBS and dreaming of the ballet of whales in the deep (YouTube) and the vibrant living reef colors (YouTube), the ocean has called to me.  These losses are devastating.  What it portends?  Unthinkable…and yet, here we are.

Let’s talk today about the world and our environment and global warming (or whatever you want to call it).  And what we can do to make it a living place for all of us in the years to come.   Mike Dunford at The Questionable Authority, poses a challenge to scientists to get more politically involved rather than stand on the political sidelines – and I’d like to echo that call as well.  It’s going to take all of us talking about these issues for any real change to occur.  Especially those who have the background to really dig into the issues involved.

So, lift up your voice today:  what do you think?  And, more importantly, what should we all be doing about it?

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